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Hong Kong's South China Morning Post article on July 9 titled "China's Photovoltaic Can Shine in Energy-Scarce Africa" discusses how China holds 80% of the global photovoltaic value chain. From 2022 to 2023, China's photovoltaic module production capacity expanded fivefold, causing prices to drop by 40% last year.
Globally, solar power accounted for less than 6% of total electricity generation last year, indicating that the biggest growth is yet to come. However, there are two key obstacles to faster adoption of solar power: energy storage and long-distance transmission. In China, from power generation companies to industrial users, energy storage systems are developing rapidly. China is also expanding its long-distance transmission network, with the world's largest single photovoltaic project recently launched in Xinjiang.
Equally important are regulatory frameworks and market pricing mechanisms. For most Western countries, solar power is just one of many options in the green energy transition. But for many energy-scarce "Global South" countries, solar power is the primary means to access the grid.
In Africa, for example, solar energy can drive industrial development without causing the destructive pollution costs seen in Europe and the United States. Solar power's scalability also creates opportunities for distributed generation solutions without the need for massive investment in grid infrastructure.
Around 43% of Africa's population, or about 600 million people, lack reliable electricity. This is also cited as a major business constraint by 40% of African companies in a survey. Unsurprisingly, as the distributed renewable energy sector grows, microgrids are springing up across Africa. Large factories are securing their own power sources, and more than 400 million Africans are now accessing electricity through home solar systems.
In April this year, the World Bank and the African Development Bank announced a plan to provide electricity to at least 300 million Africans by 2030, most of which will come from distributed renewable energy systems.
For China, this could be a pivotal moment to transform its role in Africa's burgeoning photovoltaic market. China can leverage its complementary strengths in photovoltaics, batteries, and mobile payments to not only supply equipment but also become a developer and operator of solar projects. In Africa, the photovoltaic business will likely require cooperation between Chinese, international, African companies, and state entities. This corporate-led approach contrasts with the state-driven Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) projects of the past.
This commercially oriented distributed photovoltaic generation model has the potential to illuminate millions of lives, stimulate economies, and cement China's position as an indispensable partner for Africa. In the process, China will not only help unlock Africa's vast potential but also chart a new course for inclusive "South-South cooperation."
(Source: Global Times)